Witam,
Nowo uruchomiony wirtualny serwer na ESXi. Na nim zainstalowany Debian, aplikacja www i postgresql-8.3 z repozytorium.
Mam problem. ponieważ, zapytania do bazy generowane przez program powodują, iż postgres zużywa 100% czasu procesora. Dzieje się tak tylko dla zapytań zwracających dużą ilość rekordów. Poza tym aplikacja działa dobrze. Na starym serwerze dokładnie podobny zestaw (postgres-8.1) przy takich zapytaniach nie zużywa więcej niż 40 %. Postgresql działa na standardowym konfigu (standardowe postgresql.conf). Czy ktoś z Was wie może co należałoby zrobić, aby zmniejszyć zużycie procesora przez postgresa? Efekt jest taki, że te zapytania wykonują się bardzo długo, a przecież jest nowy system i lepszy sprzęt niż stary serwer, z którego migruję aplikację.
Próbowałem VACUUM oraz REINDEX (chociaż to świeżo dumpowana baza), jednak bez rezultatu. Jeśli ktoś ma pomysły to proszę o wskazówki.
PS. Proponowano mi o limitowanie postgresa poprzez /etc/security/limit.conf, ale na starym serwerze nie ma żadnych ingerencji w limit.conf i raczej to nie o to chodzi.
postgres zużywa 100% CPU
A co Ci da nowy serwer jak konfiguracja jest domyślna? Spróbuj pokombinować z przydziałem pamięci - głównie chodzi o ilość pamięci współdzielonej i podręcznej. Możesz włączyć logowanie zapytań dłuższych niż np. 1 sekunda i sprawdzić, które zapytania tak obciążają system (ew. pozakładać jakieś indeksy). No i procesor jest obciążony przez obliczenia, IO czy co?
lessmian2, jakie proponujesz wartości co do tych pamięci (na ten system jest przyznane 3GB ramu)?
I jak mogę sprawdzić przez co to obciążenie?
Oto co pokazuje ipcs przy wlaczony postgres, mysql i apache.
Dodane:
Nie wiem, czy dobrze odpowiadam, ale jeśli pytasz mnie co może powodować to obciążenie to polecenie:
wyświetla takie wyniki:
Z tego co się orientuję to nie jest to IO bo 24.6%us (aczkolwiek też trochę dużo bo serwer jeszcze nie jest produkcyjny) a większość to 75.0%id.
Dodane:
Ustawiłem w postgresql.conf raportowanie na debug1 i zwraca mi polecenia zapytań, które powodują obciążenie. Indeksy są pozakładane, na starym serwerze działa. Bardzo proszę o pomoc.
Edycja:
Wklejam jeszcze obecny postgresql.conf:
I jeszcze fragment z:
w momencie wykonywania obciążającego polecenia:
Ustawiłem w /etc/security/limits.conf:
Następnie restart postgresa. Bez rezultatu.
Wklejam jeszcze wyniki:
To wyniki podczas obciążenia. Baza jest na sdb1.
Jeśli chodzi o WE/WY to sprawdziłem w taki sposób:
I się zmienia podczas obciążenia.
Ktoś pomoże zinterpretować?
I jak mogę sprawdzić przez co to obciążenie?
Kod: Zaznacz cały
------ Shared Memory Segments --------
key shmid owner perms bytes nattch status
0x0052e2c1 0 postgres 600 11321344 5
0x00000000 65537 root 600 8388608 7 dest
------ Semaphore Arrays --------
key semid owner perms nsems
0x0052e2c1 0 postgres 600 17
0x0052e2c2 32769 postgres 600 17
0x0052e2c3 65538 postgres 600 17
0x0052e2c4 98307 postgres 600 17
0x0052e2c5 131076 postgres 600 17
0x0052e2c6 163845 postgres 600 17
0x0052e2c7 196614 postgres 600 17
0x00000000 294919 root 666 1
0x00000000 327688 www-data 600 1
------ Message Queues --------
key msqid owner perms used-bytes messages Dodane:
Nie wiem, czy dobrze odpowiadam, ale jeśli pytasz mnie co może powodować to obciążenie to polecenie:
Kod: Zaznacz cały
topKod: Zaznacz cały
Tasks: 83 total, 2 running, 81 sleeping, 0 stopped 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 24.6%us, 0.4%sy, 0.0%ni, 75.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 3116672k total, 668616k used, 2448056k free, 18564k buffers
Swap: 939760k total, 0k used, 939760k free, 544916l cached
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
3767 postgres 20 0 30848 16m 11m R 100 0.5 0:39.26 postgres
(..)
Dodane:
Ustawiłem w postgresql.conf raportowanie na debug1 i zwraca mi polecenia zapytań, które powodują obciążenie. Indeksy są pozakładane, na starym serwerze działa. Bardzo proszę o pomoc.
Edycja:
Wklejam jeszcze obecny postgresql.conf:
Kod: Zaznacz cały
# -----------------------------
# PostgreSQL configuration file
# -----------------------------
#
# This file consists of lines of the form:
#
# name = value
#
# (The "=" is optional.) Whitespace may be used. Comments are introduced with
# "#" anywhere on a line. The complete list of parameter names and allowed
# values can be found in the PostgreSQL documentation.
#
# The commented-out settings shown in this file represent the default values.
# Re-commenting a setting is NOT sufficient to revert it to the default value;
# you need to reload the server.
#
# This file is read on server startup and when the server receives a SIGHUP
# signal. If you edit the file on a running system, you have to SIGHUP the
# server for the changes to take effect, or use "pg_ctl reload". Some
# parameters, which are marked below, require a server shutdown and restart to
# take effect.
#
# Any parameter can also be given as a command-line option to the server, e.g.,
# "postgres -c log_connections=on". Some paramters can be changed at run time
# with the "SET" SQL command.
#
# Memory units: kB = kilobytes MB = megabytes GB = gigabytes
# Time units: ms = milliseconds s = seconds min = minutes h = hours d = days
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# FILE LOCATIONS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The default values of these variables are driven from the -D command-line
# option or PGDATA environment variable, represented here as ConfigDir.
data_directory = '/home/bazy_danych/postgres/' # use data in another
#directory
# (change requires restart)
hba_file = '/home/bazy_danych/postgres/pg_hba.conf' # host-based
#authentication file
# (change requires restart)
ident_file = '/home/bazy_danych/postgres/pg_ident.conf' # ident
#configuration file
# (change requires restart)
# If external_pid_file is not explicitly set, no extra PID file is written.
external_pid_file = '/var/run/postgresql/8.3-main.pid' # write an extra PID file
# (change requires restart)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CONNECTIONS AND AUTHENTICATION
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Connection Settings -
#listen_addresses = 'localhost' # what IP address(es) to listen on;
# comma-separated list of addresses;
# defaults to 'localhost', '*' = all
# (change requires restart)
port = 5432 # (change requires restart)
max_connections = 100 # (change requires restart)
# Note: Increasing max_connections costs ~400 bytes of shared memory per
# connection slot, plus lock space (see max_locks_per_transaction). You might
# also need to raise shared_buffers to support more connections.
#superuser_reserved_connections = 3 # (change requires restart)
unix_socket_directory = '/var/run/postgresql' # (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_group = '' # (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_permissions = 0777 # begin with 0 to use octal notation
# (change requires restart)
#bonjour_name = '' # defaults to the computer name
# (change requires restart)
# - Security and Authentication -
#authentication_timeout = 1min # 1s-600s
ssl = true # (change requires restart)
#ssl_ciphers = 'ALL:!ADH:!LOW:!EXP:!MD5:@STRENGTH' # allowed SSL ciphers
# (change requires restart)
#ssl_renegotiation_limit = 512MB # amount of data between renegotiations
#password_encryption = on
#db_user_namespace = off
# Kerberos and GSSAPI
#krb_server_keyfile = '' # (change requires restart)
#krb_srvname = 'postgres' # (change requires restart, Kerberos only)
#krb_server_hostname = '' # empty string matches any keytab entry
# (change requires restart, Kerberos only)
#krb_caseins_users = off # (change requires restart)
#krb_realm = '' # (change requires restart)
# - TCP Keepalives -
# see "man 7 tcp" for details
#tcp_keepalives_idle = 0 # TCP_KEEPIDLE, in seconds;
# 0 selects the system default
#tcp_keepalives_interval = 0 # TCP_KEEPINTVL, in seconds;
# 0 selects the system default
#tcp_keepalives_count = 0 # TCP_KEEPCNT;
# 0 selects the system default
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# RESOURCE USAGE (except WAL)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Memory -
shared_buffers = 1000 # min 128kB or max_connections*16kB
# (change requires restart)
#temp_buffers = 8MB # min 800kB
#max_prepared_transactions = 5 # can be 0 or more
# (change requires restart)
# Note: Increasing max_prepared_transactions costs ~600 bytes of shared memory
# per transaction slot, plus lock space (see max_locks_per_transaction).
#work_mem = 2MB # min 64kB
#maintenance_work_mem = 16MB # min 1MB
#max_stack_depth = 2MB # min 100kB
# - Free Space Map -
#max_fsm_pages = 153600 # min max_fsm_relations*16, 6 bytes each
# (change requires restart)
#max_fsm_relations = 1000 # min 100, ~70 bytes each
# (change requires restart)
# - Kernel Resource Usage -
#max_files_per_process = 1000 # min 25
# (change requires restart)
#shared_preload_libraries = '' # (change requires restart)
# - Cost-Based Vacuum Delay -
#vacuum_cost_delay = 0 # 0-1000 milliseconds
#vacuum_cost_page_hit = 1 # 0-10000 credits
#vacuum_cost_page_miss = 10 # 0-10000 credits
#vacuum_cost_page_dirty = 20 # 0-10000 credits
#vacuum_cost_limit = 200 # 1-10000 credits
# - Background Writer -
#bgwriter_delay = 200ms # 10-10000ms between rounds
#bgwriter_lru_maxpages = 100 # 0-1000 max buffers written/round
#bgwriter_lru_multiplier = 2.0 # 0-10.0 multipler on buffers scanned/round
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# WRITE AHEAD LOG
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Settings -
#fsync = on # turns forced synchronization on or off
#synchronous_commit = on # immediate fsync at commit
#wal_sync_method = fsync # the default is the first option
# supported by the operating system:
# open_datasync
# fdatasync
# fsync
# fsync_writethrough
# open_sync
#full_page_writes = on # recover from partial page writes
#wal_buffers = 64kB # min 32kB
# (change requires restart)
#wal_writer_delay = 200ms # 1-10000 milliseconds
#commit_delay = 0 # range 0-100000, in microseconds
#commit_siblings = 5 # range 1-1000
# - Checkpoints -
#checkpoint_segments = 3 # in logfile segments, min 1, 16MB each
#checkpoint_timeout = 5min # range 30s-1h
#checkpoint_completion_target = 0.5 # checkpoint target duration, 0.0 - 1.0
#checkpoint_warning = 30s # 0 is off
# - Archiving -
#archive_mode = off # allows archiving to be done
# (change requires restart)
#archive_command = '' # command to use to archive a logfile segment
#archive_timeout = 0 # force a logfile segment switch after this
# time; 0 is off
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# QUERY TUNING
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Planner Method Configuration -
#enable_bitmapscan = on
#enable_hashagg = on
#enable_hashjoin = on
#enable_indexscan = on
#enable_mergejoin = on
#enable_nestloop = on
#enable_seqscan = on
#enable_sort = on
#enable_tidscan = on
# - Planner Cost Constants -
#seq_page_cost = 1.0 # measured on an arbitrary scale
#random_page_cost = 4.0 # same scale as above
#cpu_tuple_cost = 0.01 # same scale as above
#cpu_index_tuple_cost = 0.005 # same scale as above
#cpu_operator_cost = 0.0025 # same scale as above
#effective_cache_size = 128MB
# - Genetic Query Optimizer -
#geqo = on
#geqo_threshold = 12
#geqo_effort = 5 # range 1-10
#geqo_pool_size = 0 # selects default based on effort
#geqo_generations = 0 # selects default based on effort
#geqo_selection_bias = 2.0 # range 1.5-2.0
# - Other Planner Options -
#default_statistics_target = 10 # range 1-1000
#constraint_exclusion = off
#from_collapse_limit = 8
#join_collapse_limit = 8 # 1 disables collapsing of explicit
# JOIN clauses
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ERROR REPORTING AND LOGGING
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Where to Log -
#log_destination = 'stderr' # Valid values are combinations of
# stderr, csvlog, syslog and eventlog,
# depending on platform. csvlog
# requires logging_collector to be on.
# This is used when logging to stderr:
#logging_collector = off # Enable capturing of stderr and csvlog
# into log files. Required to be on for
# csvlogs.
# (change requires restart)
# These are only used if logging_collector is on:
#log_directory = 'pg_log' # directory where log files are written,
# can be absolute or relative to PGDATA
#log_filename = 'postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log' # log file name pattern,
# can include strftime() escapes
#log_truncate_on_rotation = off # If on, an existing log file of the
# same name as the new log file will be
# truncated rather than appended to.
# But such truncation only occurs on
# time-driven rotation, not on restarts
# or size-driven rotation. Default is
# off, meaning append to existing files
# in all cases.
#log_rotation_age = 1d # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
# happen after that time. 0 to disable.
#log_rotation_size = 10MB # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
# happen after that much log output.
# 0 to disable.
# These are relevant when logging to syslog:
#syslog_facility = 'LOCAL0'
#syslog_ident = 'postgres'
# - When to Log -
#client_min_messages = notice # values in order of decreasing detail:
# debug5
# debug4
# debug3
# debug2
# debug1
# log
# notice
# warning
# error
log_min_messages = debug1 # values in order of decreasing detail:
# debug5
# debug4
# debug3
# debug2
# debug1
# info
# notice
# warning
# error
# log
# fatal
# panic
log_error_verbosity = verbose # terse, default, or verbose messages
log_min_error_statement = debug1 # values in order of decreasing detail:
# debug5
# debug4
# debug3
# debug2
# debug1
# info
# notice
# warning
# error
# log
# fatal
# panic (effectively off)
log_min_duration_statement = 100ms # -1 is disabled, 0 logs all statements
# and their durations, > 0 logs only
# statements running at least this time.
#silent_mode = off # DO NOT USE without syslog or
# logging_collector
# (change requires restart)
# - What to Log -
#debug_print_parse = off
#debug_print_rewritten = off
#debug_print_plan = off
#debug_pretty_print = off
log_checkpoints = off
#log_connections = off
#log_disconnections = off
#log_duration = off
#log_hostname = off
log_line_prefix = '%t ' # special values:
# %u = user name
# %d = database name
# %r = remote host and port
# %h = remote host
# %p = process ID
# %t = timestamp without milliseconds
# %m = timestamp with milliseconds
# %i = command tag
# %c = session ID
# %l = session line number
# %s = session start timestamp
# %v = virtual transaction ID
# %x = transaction ID (0 if none)
# %q = stop here in non-session
# processes
# %% = '%'
# e.g. '<%u%%%d> '
#log_lock_waits = off # log lock waits >= deadlock_timeout
log_statement = 'all' # none, ddl, mod, all
#log_temp_files = -1 # log temporary files equal or larger
# than specified size;
# -1 disables, 0 logs all temp files
#log_timezone = unknown # actually, defaults to TZ environment
# setting
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# RUNTIME STATISTICS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Query/Index Statistics Collector -
#track_activities = on
#track_counts = on
#update_process_title = on
# - Statistics Monitoring -
#log_parser_stats = off
#log_planner_stats = off
#log_executor_stats = off
#log_statement_stats = off
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# AUTOVACUUM PARAMETERS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
autovacuum = off # Enable autovacuum subprocess? 'on'
# requires track_counts to also be on.
#log_autovacuum_min_duration = -1 # -1 disables, 0 logs all actions and
# their durations, > 0 logs only
# actions running at least that time.
#autovacuum_max_workers = 3 # max number of autovacuum subprocesses
#autovacuum_naptime = 1min # time between autovacuum runs
autovacuum_vacuum_threshold = 3000 # min number of row updates before
# vacuum
autovacuum_analyze_threshold = 500 # min number of row updates before
# analyze
autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor = 0.4 # fraction of table size before vacuum
#autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor = 0.2 # fraction of table size before analyze
#autovacuum_freeze_max_age = 200000000 # maximum XID age before forced vacuum
# (change requires restart)
autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay = -1 # default vacuum cost delay for
# autovacuum, -1 means use
# vacuum_cost_delay
autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit = -1 # default vacuum cost limit for
# autovacuum, -1 means use
# vacuum_cost_limit
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CLIENT CONNECTION DEFAULTS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Statement Behavior -
#search_path = '"$user",public' # schema names
#default_tablespace = '' # a tablespace name, '' uses the default
#temp_tablespaces = '' # a list of tablespace names, '' uses
# only default tablespace
#check_function_bodies = on
#default_transaction_isolation = 'read committed'
#default_transaction_read_only = off
#session_replication_role = 'origin'
#statement_timeout = 0 # 0 is disabled
#vacuum_freeze_min_age = 100000000
#xmlbinary = 'base64'
#xmloption = 'content'
# - Locale and Formatting -
datestyle = 'iso, dmy'
#timezone = unknown # actually, defaults to TZ environment
# setting
#timezone_abbreviations = 'Default' # Select the set of available time zone
# abbreviations. Currently, there are
# Default
# Australia
# India
# You can create your own file in
# share/timezonesets/.
#extra_float_digits = 0 # min -15, max 2
#client_encoding = sql_ascii # actually, defaults to database
# encoding
# These settings are initialized by initdb, but they can be changed.
lc_messages = 'pl_PL.UTF-8' # locale for system error message
# strings
lc_monetary = 'pl_PL.UTF-8' # locale for monetary formatting
lc_numeric = 'pl_PL.UTF-8' # locale for number formatting
lc_time = 'pl_PL.UTF-8' # locale for time formatting
# default configuration for text search
default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.simple'
# - Other Defaults -
#explain_pretty_print = on
#dynamic_library_path = '$libdir'
#local_preload_libraries = ''
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# LOCK MANAGEMENT
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#deadlock_timeout = 1s
#max_locks_per_transaction = 64 # min 10
# (change requires restart)
# Note: Each lock table slot uses ~270 bytes of shared memory, and there are
# max_locks_per_transaction * (max_connections + max_prepared_transactions)
# lock table slots.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# VERSION/PLATFORM COMPATIBILITY
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Previous PostgreSQL Versions -
#add_missing_from = off
#array_nulls = on
#backslash_quote = safe_encoding # on, off, or safe_encoding
#default_with_oids = off
#escape_string_warning = on
#regex_flavor = advanced # advanced, extended, or basic
#sql_inheritance = on
#standard_conforming_strings = off
#synchronize_seqscans = on
# - Other Platforms and Clients -
#transform_null_equals = off
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CUSTOMIZED OPTIONS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#custom_variable_classes = '' # list of custom variable class names
Kod: Zaznacz cały
ps -auxewwKod: Zaznacz cały
postgres 4214 100 0.5 30848 16792 ? Rs 13:14 1:36 postgres: program nazwa_bazy 127.0.0.1(33396) SELECTKod: Zaznacz cały
postgres hard memlock unlimited
postgres soft memlock unlimitedWklejam jeszcze wyniki:
Kod: Zaznacz cały
strace -c -p 3802
% time second usecs/call calls errors syscall
------ ----------- ------------- ----- ------ --------------
61.16 0.039808 0 110853 write
32.92 0.021425 0 129715 read
5.93 0.003858 0 79920 _llseek
----- ----------- ------------- ----- ------ --------------
100.00 0.065091 320488 total
Kod: Zaznacz cały
iostat
Linux 2.6.26-2-686 (140303) 18.11.2010 _i686_
avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
3,73 0,00 0,35 1,21 0,00 94,71
Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn
sda 2,46 117,28 21,99 528980 99168
sda1 1,73 92,43 8,03 416912 36224
sda2 0,01 0,22 0,00 974 16
sda3 0,67 23,92 13,72 107908 61872
sda4 0,00 0,00 0,00 4 0
sda5 0,02 0,26 0,16 1158 712
sda6 0,02 0,23 0,08 1018 344
sda7 0,01 0,15 0,00 694 0
sdb 16,56 150,24 2917,57 677668 13159896
sdb1 16,55 150,17 2917,57 677372 13159896
Jeśli chodzi o WE/WY to sprawdziłem w taki sposób:
Kod: Zaznacz cały
cat /proc/<proces>/io
rchar: 1834959711
wchar: 1296336799
syscr: 224037
syscw: 158253
read_bytes: 0
write_bytes: 1294553088
cancelled_write_bytes: 57425920
Ktoś pomoże zinterpretować?